THE 4-S APPROACH
Effective Structures are critical components
of learning communities. But the latest and most
sophisticated system in the world will only
result in confusion, dysfunction, and failure
without these three things:
1. A
clear recognition of individual and collective
Standpoints
2. Acknowledgement of
the natural Struggles that accompany these
different points of view
3. The
building of effective teams through Solidarity
Quadrant I: Standpoint
The first of the four quadrants in the 4S
Approach framework is Standpoint. This quadrant
encompasses all the different experiences,
worldviews, and opinions that the members of a
staff bring to the table. Everyone has a unique
story to tell, and these stories, when brought
to the surface, explain a great deal. Once this
is recognized and acknowledged, behaviors and
performance, whether productive or unproductive,
suddenly begin to make sense. If Standpoints are
ignored, and people’s ideas are disregarded,
collaborative efforts will come to a quick halt.
Quadrant II: Struggle
Struggle stands for the natural conflicts
that surface time and again when different
Standpoints in a school collide. Struggle is a
natural part of group life and it is a complex
subject to tackle—both in theory and in
practice. Whenever people are put into groups,
large or small, and required to accomplish some
task, there are bound to be clashes. There is
nothing wrong with this dynamic as long as
members use these tensions to encourage growth.
Quadrant III: Solidarity
Solidarity deals with the implications of
having teams in schools. If the aim is to build
a collaborative school community, you need to
have highly functional teams. The significance
of Solidarity was inspired by my in-depth
research on learning communities, along with the
contents of my book, Strong Schools, Strong
Leaders. Teams serve as a cornerstone in the
learning community framework.
Quadrant IV: Structure
The last of the four quadrants is Structure.
This quadrant, devoted to systems, resources,
and processes, is the one that most
practitioners are familiar with. Much of the
current literature speaks in depth about these
Structure-related topics. The list of effective
systems is endless, ranging from tiered
interventions and Response to Intervention (RtI)
to the regular allocation of time for
professional development to the collective
development and analysis of formative
assessments.